100+ features of Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart, Part 2

By Dr Debasish Saha, India December 10, 2023

100+ features of Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart, Part 2

HISTORY

1. First idea of Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart

Idea for a nuclide chart started from Segre and his students in 1930.

2. 1st Edition and Special feature

1958

Elements: 102

Total nuclide: about 1,500

The first edition of the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart (1958)

3. 2nd Edition and Special feature

1960,

Elements: 103

Total nuclide: 1,590

4. 3rd Edition and Special feature

1968,

Elements: 105

Total nuclide: 1,600

Chart was published in German, English, French, Spanish languages

5. 4th Edition and Special feature

1974

Total nuclide: 1,900.

Spontaneous fission, was introduced as a new mode of decay and displayed in green.

Carbon (12C= 12) was used as a reference for atomic weight.

Gamma energies were denoted in keV unit after the discovery of Ge(Li) detector and precise measurement of energy.

6. 5th Edition and Special feature

1981

Elements: 107

Total nuclide: 2,224

Proton decay was introduced as a new mode of decay and displayed in orange.

7. 6th Edition and Special feature

1995

Elements: 111

Total nuclide: 2,690

The duster emission (e.g. C-14, O-20) was introduced as a new decay mode and displayed in purple.

8. 6th Edition Reprint1 and Special feature

1998

Elements: 112

Transuranium elements 93-112, were included for the first time.

9. 7th Edition and Special feature

2006

Elements: 117

Total nuclide: 3,654

European Commission's Institute for Transuranium Elements took over the management of the Chart from the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe now the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT).

Thermal fission yields were included for both 235U and 239Pu.

10. 8th Edition and Special feature

2012

Elements: 118

Total nuclide: 3,847

In 2012 the management of the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart was taken over by Nucleonica GmbH, a spin-off company of the EC's
Institute for Transuranium Elements through a license agreement with the JRC.

Nucleonica GmbH would further develop and market the future editions of the Chart.

In January 2014 a new electronic version, 'the Karlsruhe Nuclide
Chart Online (KNCO)' became available in Nucleonica
web-portal.

50th anniversary of the Chart.

11. 9th Edition and Special feature

2015

Elements: 118

Total nuclide: 3,992

Important change was included w.r.t. isomeric transition (IT). New notation is used to distinguish gamma transitions from the parent metastable state to the daughter, and gamma transitions from excited states of the daughter nuclide