How USA elects its President?
1. How USA elects its President?
2. Steps for US President election.
3. Three stages of US President election.
4. What is electoral college?
5. US President election vs Indian Prime minister election.
Parties of USA
Democratic Party (Blue color)
Republican Party (Red Color)
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Libertarian Party (Gold-yellow color)
Green Party (Green color)
Constitution Party (Purple color)
Alliance Party (Yellow color)
Parties with vote share (2020)
Democratic Party:Joseph R. Biden: 51.31%
Republican Party: Donald J. Trump: 46.85%
Libertarian Party: Jo Jorgensen: 1.18%
Green: Howie Hawkins: 0.26%
Write-in candidate: 0.11%
Alliance Party: Roque "Rocky" De La Fuente: 0.06%
Liberty Union: Gloria Estela La Riva: 0.05%
Constitution Party: Don Blankenship: 0.04%
Independent, The Birthday Party, Unaffiliated: Kanye West: 0.04%
American Shopping, Freedom and Prosperity, Independence, Independent,
Unaffiliated: Brock Pierce: 0.03%
American Solidarity: Brian Carroll: 0.03%
None of These Candidates (Nevada): 0.01%
What are the THREE STAGES of the US president election?
1.Voting by the registered members of individual parties (to elect of presidential candidate of the party)
2. Voting by the people of USA (to elect 'Electors' / electoral college)
3. Voting by electoral college (to elect president of USA)
Step-1
How political parties chooses its candidates for President?
In USA, political parties selects presidential candidates through popular voting/ discussion forums with voice voting.
Choosing presidential candidates using popular vote is called PRIMARIES
Choosing presidential candidates using discussion forums with voice voting is called CAUCUSES.
Meaning of Caucuses: a meeting at which local members of a political party register their preference among candidates running for office or select delegates to attend a convention.
These elections are internal elections of the political parties. Registered members of the political parties take part to elect the presidential as well as vice presidential candidate of the political parties. e.g. Republican
Primaries and Caucuses happen between February to June.
Out of 50 states, 42 states uses primaries and six states still use caucuses or similar system. These states are: Maine, Kansas, Nevada, North Dakota, Wyoming, and, most prominently, Iowa.
Primaries are state sponsored where as caucuses are sponsored by political parties. Primaries are simple system than caucuses.
Step-2
How General election (Popular votes) happens in USA to elect its President?
In USA, there is no centralized election conducting constitutional organization. All 50 states have their own agencies, rules for voting. Citizens can vote by several ways e.g. Ballot, online, electronic voting machines, advance voting, postal ballot etc.
Election day is fixed in the constitution. It happens "the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November". in 2024, Election day is 5th November.
For 2024, there are 16.142 Cr registered voter.
Voters vote for a particular presidential candidate of a party. Voters does not elect president directly. They elect 'electors' or which is popularly known as electoral college. President is elected by electoral college later.
Each states have fixed number of electoral colleges. Total number added together becomes 538. Total number of electoral college as well as state wise distribution of electoral college is subject to change after every census.
Most of the states follow 'Winner takes it all' system. However states like Nebraska and Maine currently follows 'proportional' voting system.
Step-3
Voting by electors or Electoral college to elect President of US.
Reference
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